Kenry
Degree: PhD
Position: Grad Students
Affiliation: NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering
Research Type: Experiment
Email: kenry@nus.edu.sg
CA2DM Publications:
2018 |
Kenry, ; Lee, Wong Cheng; Loh, Kian Ping; Lim, Chwee Teck When stem cells meet graphene: Opportunities and challenges in regenerative medicine Journal Article BIOMATERIALS, 155 , pp. 236-250, 2018, ISSN: 0142-9612. @article{ISI:000419539000020, title = {When stem cells meet graphene: Opportunities and challenges in regenerative medicine}, author = {Kenry and Wong Cheng Lee and Kian Ping Loh and Chwee Teck Lim}, doi = {10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.10.004}, times_cited = {7}, issn = {0142-9612}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-02-01}, journal = {BIOMATERIALS}, volume = {155}, pages = {236-250}, publisher = {ELSEVIER SCI LTD}, address = {THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND}, abstract = {Recent advances in stem cell research and nanotechnology have significantly influenced the landscape of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Precise and reproducible control of the fate of stem cells and their lineage specification have, therefore, become more crucial than ever for the success of stem cell-based technologies. Extensive research has been geared towards developing materials that are capable of mimicking the physiological microenvironment of stem cells and at the same time, controlling their eventual fate. An interesting example of these materials is two-dimensional graphene and its related derivatives. A high specific surface area coupled with superior chemical stability, biocompatibility, and flexibility in functionalization render graphene-based nanomaterials one of the most exciting platforms for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications, especially for stem cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation. In this review, we discuss the love-hate relationship between stem cells and graphene-based nanomaterials in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. We first discuss the role and importance of stem cells in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. We then highlight the use of nanomaterials for stem cell control, the interaction between stem cells and graphene nano materials as well as their biocompatibility, biodistribution, and biodegradability considerations. We also offer our perspectives on the various challenges and opportunities facing the use of graphene and its derivatives for stem cell growth and differentiation. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Recent advances in stem cell research and nanotechnology have significantly influenced the landscape of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Precise and reproducible control of the fate of stem cells and their lineage specification have, therefore, become more crucial than ever for the success of stem cell-based technologies. Extensive research has been geared towards developing materials that are capable of mimicking the physiological microenvironment of stem cells and at the same time, controlling their eventual fate. An interesting example of these materials is two-dimensional graphene and its related derivatives. A high specific surface area coupled with superior chemical stability, biocompatibility, and flexibility in functionalization render graphene-based nanomaterials one of the most exciting platforms for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications, especially for stem cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation. In this review, we discuss the love-hate relationship between stem cells and graphene-based nanomaterials in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. We first discuss the role and importance of stem cells in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. We then highlight the use of nanomaterials for stem cell control, the interaction between stem cells and graphene nano materials as well as their biocompatibility, biodistribution, and biodegradability considerations. We also offer our perspectives on the various challenges and opportunities facing the use of graphene and its derivatives for stem cell growth and differentiation. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. |
2017 |
Geldert, Alisha; Kenry, ; Lim, Chwee Teck Paper-based MoS2 nanosheet-mediated FRET aptasensor for rapid malaria diagnosis Journal Article SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, 7 , 2017, ISSN: 2045-2322. @article{ISI:000417796000030, title = {Paper-based MoS_{2} nanosheet-mediated FRET aptasensor for rapid malaria diagnosis}, author = {Alisha Geldert and Kenry and Chwee Teck Lim}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-017-17616-3}, times_cited = {0}, issn = {2045-2322}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-12-13}, journal = {SCIENTIFIC REPORTS}, volume = {7}, publisher = {NATURE PORTFOLIO}, address = {HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, BERLIN, 14197, GERMANY}, abstract = {There has been growing interest in the development of paper-based biosensors because their simplicity and low cost are attractive for point-of-care diagnosis, especially in low-resource areas. However, only a limited range of paper materials-primarily chromatography papers-have been incorporated into diagnostics thus far. Here, we investigate the performance of different types of paper in order to develop an aptamer-and MoS2 nanosheet-based sensor relying on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) to signal the presence of a target protein. An aptamer which binds to a malarial biomarker, Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH), is chosen for this study, as point-of-care diagnostics would be especially advantageous in low-resource areas, such as those where malaria is prevalent. We observe that of all papers tested, a measurable and specific fluorescence recovery can only be produced on the sensor created with printer paper, while no significant fluorescence recovery is generated on sensors made from other types of paper, including chromatography, lens, and filter papers. Therefore, our findings demonstrate the importance of careful material selection for the development of a paper-based diagnostic test, and suggest that commercially-available products such as printer paper may serve as viable materials to develop cost-effective and simple diagnostics.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } There has been growing interest in the development of paper-based biosensors because their simplicity and low cost are attractive for point-of-care diagnosis, especially in low-resource areas. However, only a limited range of paper materials-primarily chromatography papers-have been incorporated into diagnostics thus far. Here, we investigate the performance of different types of paper in order to develop an aptamer-and MoS2 nanosheet-based sensor relying on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) to signal the presence of a target protein. An aptamer which binds to a malarial biomarker, Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH), is chosen for this study, as point-of-care diagnostics would be especially advantageous in low-resource areas, such as those where malaria is prevalent. We observe that of all papers tested, a measurable and specific fluorescence recovery can only be produced on the sensor created with printer paper, while no significant fluorescence recovery is generated on sensors made from other types of paper, including chromatography, lens, and filter papers. Therefore, our findings demonstrate the importance of careful material selection for the development of a paper-based diagnostic test, and suggest that commercially-available products such as printer paper may serve as viable materials to develop cost-effective and simple diagnostics. |
Kenry, ; Lim, Ying Bena; Nai, Mui Hoon; Cao, Jianshu; Loh, Kian Ping; Lim, Chwee Teck Graphene oxide inhibits malaria parasite invasion and delays parasitic growth in vitro Journal Article NANOSCALE, 9 (37), pp. 14065-14073, 2017, ISSN: 2040-3364. @article{ISI:000411862400024, title = {Graphene oxide inhibits malaria parasite invasion and delays parasitic growth \textit{in vitro}}, author = {Kenry and Ying Bena Lim and Mui Hoon Nai and Jianshu Cao and Kian Ping Loh and Chwee Teck Lim}, doi = {10.1039/c7nr06007f}, times_cited = {0}, issn = {2040-3364}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-10-07}, journal = {NANOSCALE}, volume = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {14065-14073}, publisher = {ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY}, address = {THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND}, abstract = {The interactions between graphene oxide (GO) and various biological entities have been actively investigated in recent years, resulting in numerous potential bioapplications of these nanomaterials. Despite this, the biological interactions between GO and disease-causing protozoan parasites have not been well elucidated and remain relatively unexplored. Here, we investigate the in vitro interactions between GO nanosheets and a particular species of malaria parasites, Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum). We hypothesize that GO nanosheets may exhibit antimalarial characteristic via action mechanisms of physical obstruction of P. falciparum parasites as well as nutrient depletion. To ascertain this, we characterize the physical interactions between GO nanosheets, red blood cells (RBCs), and malarial parasites as well as the adsorption of several biomolecules necessary for parasitic survival and growth on GO nanosheets. Subsequent to establishing the origin of this antimalarial behavior of GO nanosheets, their efficiency in inhibiting parasite invasion is evaluated. We observe that GO nanosheets at various tested concentrations significantly inhibit the invasion of malaria parasites into RBCs. Furthermore, GO nanosheets delay parasite progression from the ring to the trophozoite stage. Overall, this study may further shed light on the graphene-parasite interactions and potentially facilitate the development of nanomaterial-based strategies for combating malaria.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The interactions between graphene oxide (GO) and various biological entities have been actively investigated in recent years, resulting in numerous potential bioapplications of these nanomaterials. Despite this, the biological interactions between GO and disease-causing protozoan parasites have not been well elucidated and remain relatively unexplored. Here, we investigate the in vitro interactions between GO nanosheets and a particular species of malaria parasites, Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum). We hypothesize that GO nanosheets may exhibit antimalarial characteristic via action mechanisms of physical obstruction of P. falciparum parasites as well as nutrient depletion. To ascertain this, we characterize the physical interactions between GO nanosheets, red blood cells (RBCs), and malarial parasites as well as the adsorption of several biomolecules necessary for parasitic survival and growth on GO nanosheets. Subsequent to establishing the origin of this antimalarial behavior of GO nanosheets, their efficiency in inhibiting parasite invasion is evaluated. We observe that GO nanosheets at various tested concentrations significantly inhibit the invasion of malaria parasites into RBCs. Furthermore, GO nanosheets delay parasite progression from the ring to the trophozoite stage. Overall, this study may further shed light on the graphene-parasite interactions and potentially facilitate the development of nanomaterial-based strategies for combating malaria. |
Kenry, ; Geldert, Alisha; Liu, Yanpeng; Loh, Kian Ping; Lim, Chwee Teck Nano-bio interactions between carbon nanomaterials and blood plasma proteins: why oxygen functionality matters Journal Article NPG ASIA MATERIALS, 9 , 2017, ISSN: 1884-4049. @article{ISI:000407959700004, title = {Nano-bio interactions between carbon nanomaterials and blood plasma proteins: why oxygen functionality matters}, author = {Kenry and Alisha Geldert and Yanpeng Liu and Kian Ping Loh and Chwee Teck Lim}, doi = {10.1038/am.2017.129}, times_cited = {0}, issn = {1884-4049}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-08-18}, journal = {NPG ASIA MATERIALS}, volume = {9}, publisher = {NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP}, address = {75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA}, abstract = {Carbon nanomaterials are some of the most versatile nanomaterials. Along with increasing explorations into their utilization in a plethora of biological and biomedical applications, there have been emerging interests and needs in understanding the molecular hemocompatibility of these engineered nanomaterials when coming into contact with blood. Here, we evaluate the nano-bio interactions of one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) carbon nanomaterials with blood plasma proteins. Different facets of the nanomaterial-protein interactions, specifically, the adsorption, equilibrium binding and conformational stability of proteins upon association with carbon nanomaterials are established, based on the quantification of various parameters, such as association constant, binding cooperativity and protein secondary structural change. In light of our data, we demonstrate that the carbon nanomaterial-plasma protein interactions may be significantly influenced by the density of the oxygenated functionalities of the nanomaterials and to a certain extent, their dimensionality and surface area. This work offers a broad insight into the nano-bio interactions between carbon nanomaterials and blood plasma proteins and provides a strong basis for the design and use of 1D and 2D carbon nanomaterials for a wide variety of bioapplications.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Carbon nanomaterials are some of the most versatile nanomaterials. Along with increasing explorations into their utilization in a plethora of biological and biomedical applications, there have been emerging interests and needs in understanding the molecular hemocompatibility of these engineered nanomaterials when coming into contact with blood. Here, we evaluate the nano-bio interactions of one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) carbon nanomaterials with blood plasma proteins. Different facets of the nanomaterial-protein interactions, specifically, the adsorption, equilibrium binding and conformational stability of proteins upon association with carbon nanomaterials are established, based on the quantification of various parameters, such as association constant, binding cooperativity and protein secondary structural change. In light of our data, we demonstrate that the carbon nanomaterial-plasma protein interactions may be significantly influenced by the density of the oxygenated functionalities of the nanomaterials and to a certain extent, their dimensionality and surface area. This work offers a broad insight into the nano-bio interactions between carbon nanomaterials and blood plasma proteins and provides a strong basis for the design and use of 1D and 2D carbon nanomaterials for a wide variety of bioapplications. |
Geldert, Alisha; Kenry, ; Zhang, Xiao; Zhang, Hua; Lim, Chwee Teck Enhancing the sensing specificity of a MoS2 nanosheet-based FRET aptasensor using a surface blocking strategy Journal Article 23 ANALYST, 142 (14), pp. 2570-2577, 2017, ISSN: 0003-2654. @article{ISI:000405373600005, title = {Enhancing the sensing specificity of a MoS_{2} nanosheet-based FRET aptasensor using a surface blocking strategy}, author = {Alisha Geldert and Kenry and Xiao Zhang and Hua Zhang and Chwee Teck Lim}, doi = {10.1039/c7an00640c}, times_cited = {23}, issn = {0003-2654}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-07-21}, journal = {ANALYST}, volume = {142}, number = {14}, pages = {2570-2577}, publisher = {ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY}, address = {THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND}, abstract = {Aptamer-based biosensing, which uses short, single-stranded nucleic acid segments to bind to a target, can be advantageous over antibody-based diagnostics due to the ease of synthesis and high stability of aptamers. However, the development of most aptamer-based sensors (aptasensors) is still in its initial stages and many factors affecting their performance have not been studied in great detail. Here, we enhance the sensing specificity of a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based MoS2 nanosheet aptasensor in detecting the malarial biomarker Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH). In this sensing scheme, the presence of target is signaled by an increase in fluorescence when fluores-cently-labeled aptamers bind to pLDH and release from a quenching material. Interestingly, unlike most of the reported literature on aptasensors, we observe that non-target proteins also cause a considerable increase in the detected fluorescence. This may be due to the nonspecific adsorption of proteins onto the fluorescence quencher, leading to the displacement of aptamers from the quencher surface. To reduce this nonspecific association and to enhance the sensor specificity, we propose the application of a surface blocking agent to the quenching material. Importantly, we demonstrate that the sensing specificity of the MoS2 nanosheet-based aptasensor towards target pLDH biomolecules can be significantly enhanced through surface passivation, thus contributing to the development of highly selective and robust point-of-care malaria diagnostics.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Aptamer-based biosensing, which uses short, single-stranded nucleic acid segments to bind to a target, can be advantageous over antibody-based diagnostics due to the ease of synthesis and high stability of aptamers. However, the development of most aptamer-based sensors (aptasensors) is still in its initial stages and many factors affecting their performance have not been studied in great detail. Here, we enhance the sensing specificity of a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based MoS2 nanosheet aptasensor in detecting the malarial biomarker Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH). In this sensing scheme, the presence of target is signaled by an increase in fluorescence when fluores-cently-labeled aptamers bind to pLDH and release from a quenching material. Interestingly, unlike most of the reported literature on aptasensors, we observe that non-target proteins also cause a considerable increase in the detected fluorescence. This may be due to the nonspecific adsorption of proteins onto the fluorescence quencher, leading to the displacement of aptamers from the quencher surface. To reduce this nonspecific association and to enhance the sensor specificity, we propose the application of a surface blocking agent to the quenching material. Importantly, we demonstrate that the sensing specificity of the MoS2 nanosheet-based aptasensor towards target pLDH biomolecules can be significantly enhanced through surface passivation, thus contributing to the development of highly selective and robust point-of-care malaria diagnostics. |
Kenry, ; Geldert, Alisha; Lai, Zhuangchai; Huang, Ying; Yu, Peng; Tan, Chaoliang; Liu, Zheng; Zhang, Hua; Lim, Chwee Teck Single-Layer Ternary Chalcogenide Nanosheet as a Fluorescence-Based "Capture-Release" Biomolecular Nanosensor Journal Article SMALL, 13 (5), 2017, ISSN: 1613-6810. @article{ISI:000397009300013, title = {Single-Layer Ternary Chalcogenide Nanosheet as a Fluorescence-Based "Capture-Release" Biomolecular Nanosensor}, author = {Kenry and Alisha Geldert and Zhuangchai Lai and Ying Huang and Peng Yu and Chaoliang Tan and Zheng Liu and Hua Zhang and Chwee Teck Lim}, doi = {10.1002/smll.201601925}, times_cited = {0}, issn = {1613-6810}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-02-03}, journal = {SMALL}, volume = {13}, number = {5}, publisher = {WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH}, address = {POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY}, abstract = {The novel application of two-dimensional (2D) single-layer ternary chalcogenide nanosheets as "capture-release" fluorescence-based biomolecular nanosensors is demonstrated. Fluorescently labeled biomolecular probe is first captured by the ultrathin Ta2NiS5 nanosheets and then released upon adding analyte containing a target biomolecule due to the higher probe-target affinity. Here, the authors use a nucleic acid probe for the model target biomolecule Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase, which is an important malarial biomarker. The ultrathin Ta2NiS5 nanosheet serves as a highly efficient fluorescence quencher and the nanosensor developed from the nanosheet is highly sensitive and specific toward the target biomolecule. Apart from the specificity toward the target biomolecule in homogeneous solutions, the developed nanosensor is capable of detecting and differentiating the target in heterogeneous solutions consisting of either a mixture of biomolecules or serum, with exceptional specificity. The simplicity of the " capture-release" method, by eliminating the need for preincubation of the probe with the test sample, may facilitate further development of portable and rapid biosensors. The authors anticipate that this ternary chalcogenide nanosheet-based biomolecular nanosensor will be useful for the rapid detection and differentiation of a wide range of chemical and biological species.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The novel application of two-dimensional (2D) single-layer ternary chalcogenide nanosheets as "capture-release" fluorescence-based biomolecular nanosensors is demonstrated. Fluorescently labeled biomolecular probe is first captured by the ultrathin Ta2NiS5 nanosheets and then released upon adding analyte containing a target biomolecule due to the higher probe-target affinity. Here, the authors use a nucleic acid probe for the model target biomolecule Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase, which is an important malarial biomarker. The ultrathin Ta2NiS5 nanosheet serves as a highly efficient fluorescence quencher and the nanosensor developed from the nanosheet is highly sensitive and specific toward the target biomolecule. Apart from the specificity toward the target biomolecule in homogeneous solutions, the developed nanosensor is capable of detecting and differentiating the target in heterogeneous solutions consisting of either a mixture of biomolecules or serum, with exceptional specificity. The simplicity of the " capture-release" method, by eliminating the need for preincubation of the probe with the test sample, may facilitate further development of portable and rapid biosensors. The authors anticipate that this ternary chalcogenide nanosheet-based biomolecular nanosensor will be useful for the rapid detection and differentiation of a wide range of chemical and biological species. |
Kenry, ; Lim, Chwee Teck Biocompatibility and Nanotoxicity of Layered Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials Journal Article CHEMNANOMAT, 3 (1), pp. 5-16, 2017, ISSN: 2199-692X. @article{ISI:000393702100002, title = {Biocompatibility and Nanotoxicity of Layered Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials}, author = {Kenry and Chwee Teck Lim}, doi = {10.1002/cnma.201600290}, times_cited = {0}, issn = {2199-692X}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-01-01}, journal = {CHEMNANOMAT}, volume = {3}, number = {1}, pages = {5-16}, publisher = {WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH}, address = {POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY}, abstract = {Layered two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), layered metal oxides (LMOs), black phosphorus (BP), and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), have attracted tremendous interest recently owing to their unique structural morphologies and outstanding physicochemical properties. Consequently, these nanomaterials have been actively explored for different biological and biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, drug delivery, bioimaging, and biosensing. As increasing efforts have been focused on identifying the potential bioapplications of layered 2D nanomaterials, one of the fundamental aspects that is of considerable interest and ought to be studied in greater depth is their biocompatibility and nanotoxicity. In addition, as the elucidation and understanding of the physicochemical properties of this new class of nanomaterials are still in their infancy, information on both in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility and nanotoxicity is still scarce and remains poorly understood. As such, there is an immediate need to explore and establish the biocompatibility and nanotoxicological profiles of these nanomaterials in order to develop and optimize them for specific bioapplications. Here, in this Focus Review, we will provide a broad overview of recent advances on the biocompatibility and nanotoxicity of layered 2D nanomaterials. First, a wide range of established and emerging layered 2D nanomaterials actively investigated for bioapplications will be introduced. Next, the different physicochemical aspects governing the biocompatibility and nanotoxicity of these nanomaterials, such as lateral size, concentration, exposure time, number of layers, and chemical composition and surface functionalization, will be evaluated. Finally, we will summarize the review and provide our perspectives on the challenges and opportunities facing this important field.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Layered two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), layered metal oxides (LMOs), black phosphorus (BP), and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), have attracted tremendous interest recently owing to their unique structural morphologies and outstanding physicochemical properties. Consequently, these nanomaterials have been actively explored for different biological and biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, drug delivery, bioimaging, and biosensing. As increasing efforts have been focused on identifying the potential bioapplications of layered 2D nanomaterials, one of the fundamental aspects that is of considerable interest and ought to be studied in greater depth is their biocompatibility and nanotoxicity. In addition, as the elucidation and understanding of the physicochemical properties of this new class of nanomaterials are still in their infancy, information on both in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility and nanotoxicity is still scarce and remains poorly understood. As such, there is an immediate need to explore and establish the biocompatibility and nanotoxicological profiles of these nanomaterials in order to develop and optimize them for specific bioapplications. Here, in this Focus Review, we will provide a broad overview of recent advances on the biocompatibility and nanotoxicity of layered 2D nanomaterials. First, a wide range of established and emerging layered 2D nanomaterials actively investigated for bioapplications will be introduced. Next, the different physicochemical aspects governing the biocompatibility and nanotoxicity of these nanomaterials, such as lateral size, concentration, exposure time, number of layers, and chemical composition and surface functionalization, will be evaluated. Finally, we will summarize the review and provide our perspectives on the challenges and opportunities facing this important field. |
2016 |
Kenry, ; Geldert, Alisha; Zhang, Xiao; Zhang, Hua; Lim, Chwee Teck Highly Sensitive and Selective Aptamer-Based Fluorescence Detection of a Malarial Biomarker Using Single-Layer MoS2 Nanosheets Journal Article ACS SENSORS, 1 (11), pp. 1315-1321, 2016, ISSN: 2379-3694. @article{ISI:000388914800008, title = {Highly Sensitive and Selective Aptamer-Based Fluorescence Detection of a Malarial Biomarker Using Single-Layer MoS_{2} Nanosheets}, author = {Kenry and Alisha Geldert and Xiao Zhang and Hua Zhang and Chwee Teck Lim}, doi = {10.1021/acssensors.6b00449}, times_cited = {0}, issn = {2379-3694}, year = {2016}, date = {2016-11-01}, journal = {ACS SENSORS}, volume = {1}, number = {11}, pages = {1315-1321}, publisher = {AMER CHEMICAL SOC}, address = {1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA}, abstract = {We demonstrate a highly selective and sensitive aptamer-based "capture-release" fluorescence detection of a malarial biomarker, i.e., Plasmodium lactose dehydrogenase (pLDH) protein, using single-layer two-dimensional MoS2 nanosheets. The detection of the target pLDH protein utilizing the aptamer-nanosheet sensing platform is rapid and can be easily completed within 10 min. In addition, the developed biomolecular sensor is capable of detecting the target malarial biomarker in homogeneous protein solutions as well as in heterogeneous mixtures of proteins. We anticipate that the ultrathin MoS2 nanosheet-based biosensor will facilitate the further development of biomolecular nanosensors for the detection of a wide range of biomarkers for malaria and other diseases.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } We demonstrate a highly selective and sensitive aptamer-based "capture-release" fluorescence detection of a malarial biomarker, i.e., Plasmodium lactose dehydrogenase (pLDH) protein, using single-layer two-dimensional MoS2 nanosheets. The detection of the target pLDH protein utilizing the aptamer-nanosheet sensing platform is rapid and can be easily completed within 10 min. In addition, the developed biomolecular sensor is capable of detecting the target malarial biomarker in homogeneous protein solutions as well as in heterogeneous mixtures of proteins. We anticipate that the ultrathin MoS2 nanosheet-based biosensor will facilitate the further development of biomolecular nanosensors for the detection of a wide range of biomarkers for malaria and other diseases. |
Kenry, ; Yeo, Joo Chuan; Lim, Chwee Teck Emerging flexible and wearable physical sensing platforms for healthcare and biomedical applications Journal Article MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING, 2 , 2016, ISSN: 2055-7434. @article{ISI:000394948500001, title = {Emerging flexible and wearable physical sensing platforms for healthcare and biomedical applications}, author = {Kenry and Joo Chuan Yeo and Chwee Teck Lim}, doi = {10.1038/micronano.2016.43}, times_cited = {0}, issn = {2055-7434}, year = {2016}, date = {2016-09-26}, journal = {MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING}, volume = {2}, publisher = {SPRINGERNATURE}, address = {CAMPUS, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON, N1 9XW, ENGLAND}, abstract = {There are now numerous emerging flexible and wearable sensing technologies that can perform a myriad of physical and physiological measurements. Rapid advances in developing and implementing such sensors in the last several years have demonstrated the growing significance and potential utility of this unique class of sensing platforms. Applications include wearable consumer electronics, soft robotics, medical prosthetics, electronic skin, and health monitoring. In this review, we provide a state-of-the-art overview of the emerging flexible and wearable sensing platforms for healthcare and biomedical applications. We first introduce the selection of flexible and stretchable materials and the fabrication of sensors based on these materials. We then compare the different solid-state and liquid-state physical sensing platforms and examine the mechanical deformation-based working mechanisms of these sensors. We also highlight some of the exciting applications of flexible and wearable physical sensors in emerging healthcare and biomedical applications, in particular for artificial electronic skins, physiological health monitoring and assessment, and therapeutic and drug delivery. Finally, we conclude this review by offering some insight into the challenges and opportunities facing this field.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } There are now numerous emerging flexible and wearable sensing technologies that can perform a myriad of physical and physiological measurements. Rapid advances in developing and implementing such sensors in the last several years have demonstrated the growing significance and potential utility of this unique class of sensing platforms. Applications include wearable consumer electronics, soft robotics, medical prosthetics, electronic skin, and health monitoring. In this review, we provide a state-of-the-art overview of the emerging flexible and wearable sensing platforms for healthcare and biomedical applications. We first introduce the selection of flexible and stretchable materials and the fabrication of sensors based on these materials. We then compare the different solid-state and liquid-state physical sensing platforms and examine the mechanical deformation-based working mechanisms of these sensors. We also highlight some of the exciting applications of flexible and wearable physical sensors in emerging healthcare and biomedical applications, in particular for artificial electronic skins, physiological health monitoring and assessment, and therapeutic and drug delivery. Finally, we conclude this review by offering some insight into the challenges and opportunities facing this field. |
Yeo, Joo Chuan; Kenry, ; Yu, Jiahao; Loh, Kian Ping; Wang, Zhiping; Lim, Chwee Teck Triple-State Liquid-Based Microfluidic Tactile Sensor with High Flexibility, Durability, and Sensitivity Journal Article ACS SENSORS, 1 (5), pp. 543-551, 2016, ISSN: 2379-3694. @article{ISI:000385464600013, title = {Triple-State Liquid-Based Microfluidic Tactile Sensor with High Flexibility, Durability, and Sensitivity}, author = {Joo Chuan Yeo and Kenry and Jiahao Yu and Kian Ping Loh and Zhiping Wang and Chwee Teck Lim}, doi = {10.1021/acssensors.6b00115}, times_cited = {0}, issn = {2379-3694}, year = {2016}, date = {2016-05-01}, journal = {ACS SENSORS}, volume = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {543-551}, publisher = {AMER CHEMICAL SOC}, address = {1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA}, abstract = {We develop a novel triple-state liquid-based resistive microfluidic tactile sensor with high flexibility, durability, and sensitivity. It comprises a platinum-cured silicone microfluidic assembly filled with 2 mu L liquid metallic alloy interfacing two screen-printed conductive electrodes on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film. This flexible tactile sensor is highly sensitive ((2-20) x 10(-3) kPa(-1)) and capable of distinguishing compressive loads with an extremely large range of pressure (2 to 400 kPa) as well as bending loads. Owing to its unique and durable structure, the sensor can withstand numerous severe mechanical load, such as foot stomping and a car wheel rolling over it, without compromising its electrical signal stability and overall integrity. Also, our sensing device is highly deformable, wearable, and able to differentiate and quantify pressures exerted by distinct bodily actions, such as a finger touch or footstep pressure. As a proof-of-concept of the applicability of our tactile sensor, we demonstrate the measurements of localized dynamic foot pressure by embedding the sensor inside the shoes and high heels. This work highlights the potential of the liquid-based microfluidic tactile sensing platform in a wide range of applications and can facilitate the realization of functional liquid-state sensing device technology with superior mechanical flexibility, durability, and sensitivity.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } We develop a novel triple-state liquid-based resistive microfluidic tactile sensor with high flexibility, durability, and sensitivity. It comprises a platinum-cured silicone microfluidic assembly filled with 2 mu L liquid metallic alloy interfacing two screen-printed conductive electrodes on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film. This flexible tactile sensor is highly sensitive ((2-20) x 10(-3) kPa(-1)) and capable of distinguishing compressive loads with an extremely large range of pressure (2 to 400 kPa) as well as bending loads. Owing to its unique and durable structure, the sensor can withstand numerous severe mechanical load, such as foot stomping and a car wheel rolling over it, without compromising its electrical signal stability and overall integrity. Also, our sensing device is highly deformable, wearable, and able to differentiate and quantify pressures exerted by distinct bodily actions, such as a finger touch or footstep pressure. As a proof-of-concept of the applicability of our tactile sensor, we demonstrate the measurements of localized dynamic foot pressure by embedding the sensor inside the shoes and high heels. This work highlights the potential of the liquid-based microfluidic tactile sensing platform in a wide range of applications and can facilitate the realization of functional liquid-state sensing device technology with superior mechanical flexibility, durability, and sensitivity. |
Kenry, ; Yeo, Joo Chuan; Yu, Jiahao; Shang, Menglin; Loh, Kian Ping; Lim, Chwee Teck Highly Flexible Graphene Oxide Nanosuspension Liquid-Based Microfluidic Tactile Sensor Journal Article SMALL, 12 (12), pp. 1593-1604, 2016, ISSN: 1613-6810. @article{ISI:000373123100004, title = {Highly Flexible Graphene Oxide Nanosuspension Liquid-Based Microfluidic Tactile Sensor}, author = {Kenry and Joo Chuan Yeo and Jiahao Yu and Menglin Shang and Kian Ping Loh and Chwee Teck Lim}, doi = {10.1002/smll.201502911}, times_cited = {0}, issn = {1613-6810}, year = {2016}, date = {2016-03-23}, journal = {SMALL}, volume = {12}, number = {12}, pages = {1593-1604}, publisher = {WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH}, address = {POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY}, abstract = {A novel graphene oxide (GO) nanosuspension liquid-based microfluidic tactile sensor is developed. It comprises a UV ozone-bonded Ecoflex-polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic assembly filled with GO nanosuspension, which serves as the working fluid of the tactile sensor. This device is highly flexible and able to withstand numerous modes of deformation as well as distinguish various user-applied mechanical forces it is subjected to, including pressing, stretching, and bending. This tactile sensor is also highly deformable and wearable, and capable of recognizing and differentiating distinct hand muscle-induced motions, such as finger flexing and fist clenching. Moreover, subtle differences in the handgrip strength derived from the first clenching gesture can be identified based on the electrical response of our device. This work highlights the potential application of the GO nanosuspension liquid-based flexible microfluidic tactile sensing platform as a wearable diagnostic and prognostic device for real-time health monitoring. Also importantly, this work can further facilitate the exploration and potential realization of a functional liquid-state device technology with superior mechanical flexibility and conformability.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } A novel graphene oxide (GO) nanosuspension liquid-based microfluidic tactile sensor is developed. It comprises a UV ozone-bonded Ecoflex-polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic assembly filled with GO nanosuspension, which serves as the working fluid of the tactile sensor. This device is highly flexible and able to withstand numerous modes of deformation as well as distinguish various user-applied mechanical forces it is subjected to, including pressing, stretching, and bending. This tactile sensor is also highly deformable and wearable, and capable of recognizing and differentiating distinct hand muscle-induced motions, such as finger flexing and fist clenching. Moreover, subtle differences in the handgrip strength derived from the first clenching gesture can be identified based on the electrical response of our device. This work highlights the potential application of the GO nanosuspension liquid-based flexible microfluidic tactile sensing platform as a wearable diagnostic and prognostic device for real-time health monitoring. Also importantly, this work can further facilitate the exploration and potential realization of a functional liquid-state device technology with superior mechanical flexibility and conformability. |
Kenry, ; Chaudhuri, Parthiv Kant; Loh, Kian Ping; Lim, Chwee Teck Selective Accelerated Proliferation of Malignant Breast Cancer Cells on Planar Graphene Oxide Films Journal Article ACS NANO, 10 (3), pp. 3424-3434, 2016, ISSN: 1936-0851. @article{ISI:000372855400044, title = {Selective Accelerated Proliferation of Malignant Breast Cancer Cells on Planar Graphene Oxide Films}, author = {Kenry and Parthiv Kant Chaudhuri and Kian Ping Loh and Chwee Teck Lim}, doi = {10.1021/acsnano.5b07409}, times_cited = {0}, issn = {1936-0851}, year = {2016}, date = {2016-03-01}, journal = {ACS NANO}, volume = {10}, number = {3}, pages = {3424-3434}, publisher = {AMER CHEMICAL SOC}, address = {1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA}, abstract = {Graphene nanomaterials have been actively investigated for biomedical and biological applications, including that of cancer. Despite progress made, most of such studies are conducted on dispersed graphene nanosheets in solution. Consequently, the use of planar graphene films, especially in cancer research, has not been fully explored. Here, we investigate the cellular interactions between the graphene material films and breast cancer cell lines, specifically the effects these films have on cellular proliferation, spreading area, and cytotoxicity. We demonstrate that the graphene oxide (GO) film selectively accelerates the proliferation of both metastatic (MDA-MB-231) and nonmetastatic (MCF-7) breast cancer cells, but not that of noncancer breast epithelial cells (MCF-10A). Contrastingly, this accelerated proliferation is not observed with the use of graphene (G) film. Moreover, GO induces negligible cytotoxicity on these cells. We suggest that the observed phenomena originate from the synergistic effect resulted from the high loading capacity and conformational change of cellular attachment proteins on the GO film, and the high amount of oxygenated groups present in the material. We anticipate that our findings can further shed light on the graphene cancer cellular interactions and provide better understanding for the future design and application of graphene-based nanomaterials in cancer research.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Graphene nanomaterials have been actively investigated for biomedical and biological applications, including that of cancer. Despite progress made, most of such studies are conducted on dispersed graphene nanosheets in solution. Consequently, the use of planar graphene films, especially in cancer research, has not been fully explored. Here, we investigate the cellular interactions between the graphene material films and breast cancer cell lines, specifically the effects these films have on cellular proliferation, spreading area, and cytotoxicity. We demonstrate that the graphene oxide (GO) film selectively accelerates the proliferation of both metastatic (MDA-MB-231) and nonmetastatic (MCF-7) breast cancer cells, but not that of noncancer breast epithelial cells (MCF-10A). Contrastingly, this accelerated proliferation is not observed with the use of graphene (G) film. Moreover, GO induces negligible cytotoxicity on these cells. We suggest that the observed phenomena originate from the synergistic effect resulted from the high loading capacity and conformational change of cellular attachment proteins on the GO film, and the high amount of oxygenated groups present in the material. We anticipate that our findings can further shed light on the graphene cancer cellular interactions and provide better understanding for the future design and application of graphene-based nanomaterials in cancer research. |
Kenry, ; Loh, Kian Ping; Lim, Chwee Teck Selective concentration-dependent manipulation of intrinsic fluorescence of plasma proteins by graphene oxide nanosheets Journal Article 16 RSC ADVANCES, 6 (52), pp. 46558-46566, 2016, ISSN: 2046-2069. @article{ISI:000377254800057, title = {Selective concentration-dependent manipulation of intrinsic fluorescence of plasma proteins by graphene oxide nanosheets}, author = {Kenry and Kian Ping Loh and Chwee Teck Lim}, doi = {10.1039/c6ra04978h}, times_cited = {16}, issn = {2046-2069}, year = {2016}, date = {2016-01-01}, journal = {RSC ADVANCES}, volume = {6}, number = {52}, pages = {46558-46566}, publisher = {ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY}, address = {THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND}, abstract = {We investigate the molecular interactions between graphene oxide (GO) and blood plasma proteins, in particular, the influence of GO on the intrinsic fluorescence of these proteins. We observe that GO acts as an efficient quencher of the intrinsic fluorescence of albumin, globulin, and fibrinogen. Interestingly, we also note for the first time that, in addition to the robust fluorescence quenching, GO is capable of selectively amplifying the fluorescence emission of fibrinogen up to approximately 30% or 1.3 fold under certain concentrations but not those of albumin and globulin. We suggest that GO may possibly play a dual role in controlling the intrinsic fluorescence emission of the plasma proteins. Furthermore, this role switching may be influenced by the competition between the aggregation and encapsulation effects. We propose that the GO-induced intrinsic fluorescence quenching is driven by the physical encapsulation of the plasma proteins by GO nanosheets. Contrastingly, the GO-mediated fluorescence amplification is promoted by an aggregation of fibrinogen.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } We investigate the molecular interactions between graphene oxide (GO) and blood plasma proteins, in particular, the influence of GO on the intrinsic fluorescence of these proteins. We observe that GO acts as an efficient quencher of the intrinsic fluorescence of albumin, globulin, and fibrinogen. Interestingly, we also note for the first time that, in addition to the robust fluorescence quenching, GO is capable of selectively amplifying the fluorescence emission of fibrinogen up to approximately 30% or 1.3 fold under certain concentrations but not those of albumin and globulin. We suggest that GO may possibly play a dual role in controlling the intrinsic fluorescence emission of the plasma proteins. Furthermore, this role switching may be influenced by the competition between the aggregation and encapsulation effects. We propose that the GO-induced intrinsic fluorescence quenching is driven by the physical encapsulation of the plasma proteins by GO nanosheets. Contrastingly, the GO-mediated fluorescence amplification is promoted by an aggregation of fibrinogen. |
Kenry, ; Loh, Kian Ping; Lim, Chwee Teck Molecular interactions of graphene oxide with human blood plasma proteins Journal Article NANOSCALE, 8 (17), pp. 9425-9441, 2016, ISSN: 2040-3364. @article{ISI:000375285800042, title = {Molecular interactions of graphene oxide with human blood plasma proteins}, author = {Kenry and Kian Ping Loh and Chwee Teck Lim}, doi = {10.1039/c6nr01697a}, times_cited = {0}, issn = {2040-3364}, year = {2016}, date = {2016-01-01}, journal = {NANOSCALE}, volume = {8}, number = {17}, pages = {9425-9441}, publisher = {ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY}, address = {THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND}, abstract = {We investigate the molecular interactions between graphene oxide (GO) and human blood plasma proteins. To gain an insight into the bio-physico-chemical activity of GO in biological and biomedical applications, we performed a series of biophysical assays to quantify the molecular interactions between GO with different lateral size distributions and the three essential human blood plasma proteins. We elucidate the various aspects of the GO-protein interactions, particularly, the adsorption, binding kinetics and equilibrium, and conformational stability, through determination of quantitative parameters, such as GO-protein association constants, binding cooperativity, and the binding-driven protein structural changes. We demonstrate that the molecular interactions between GO and plasma proteins are significantly dependent on the lateral size distribution and mean lateral sizes of the GO nanosheets and their subtle variations may markedly influence the GO-protein interactions. Consequently, we propose the existence of size-dependent molecular interactions between GO nanosheets and plasma proteins, and importantly, the presence of specific critical mean lateral sizes of GO nanosheets in achieving very high association and fluorescence quenching efficiency of the plasma proteins. We anticipate that this work will provide a basis for the design of graphene-based and other related nanomaterials for a plethora of biological and biomedical applications.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } We investigate the molecular interactions between graphene oxide (GO) and human blood plasma proteins. To gain an insight into the bio-physico-chemical activity of GO in biological and biomedical applications, we performed a series of biophysical assays to quantify the molecular interactions between GO with different lateral size distributions and the three essential human blood plasma proteins. We elucidate the various aspects of the GO-protein interactions, particularly, the adsorption, binding kinetics and equilibrium, and conformational stability, through determination of quantitative parameters, such as GO-protein association constants, binding cooperativity, and the binding-driven protein structural changes. We demonstrate that the molecular interactions between GO and plasma proteins are significantly dependent on the lateral size distribution and mean lateral sizes of the GO nanosheets and their subtle variations may markedly influence the GO-protein interactions. Consequently, we propose the existence of size-dependent molecular interactions between GO nanosheets and plasma proteins, and importantly, the presence of specific critical mean lateral sizes of GO nanosheets in achieving very high association and fluorescence quenching efficiency of the plasma proteins. We anticipate that this work will provide a basis for the design of graphene-based and other related nanomaterials for a plethora of biological and biomedical applications. |
2015 |
Kenry, ; Loh, Kian Ping; Lim, Chwee Teck Molecular Hemocompatibility of Graphene Oxide and Its Implication for Antithrombotic Applications Journal Article SMALL, 11 (38), pp. 5105-5117, 2015, ISSN: 1613-6810. @article{ISI:000362819700014, title = {Molecular Hemocompatibility of Graphene Oxide and Its Implication for Antithrombotic Applications}, author = {Kenry and Kian Ping Loh and Chwee Teck Lim}, doi = {10.1002/smll.201500841}, times_cited = {1}, issn = {1613-6810}, year = {2015}, date = {2015-10-14}, journal = {SMALL}, volume = {11}, number = {38}, pages = {5105-5117}, publisher = {WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH}, address = {POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY}, abstract = {Surface-induced blood clotting is one of the major problems associated with the long-term use of blood-contacting biomedical devices. Central to this obstructive blood clotting is the adsorption of plasma proteins following the interactions between blood and material surface. Of all proteins circulating in the blood plasma, albumin and fibrinogen are the two important proteins regulating the blood-material interaction. As such, the adsorption of plasma proteins has been used as an indicator for the assessment of the blood compatibility of the biomedical devices. Numerous nanomaterials have been developed for antithrombotic surface coating applications, including the 2D graphene and its derivatives. Here, the antithrombotic property of albumin-functionalized graphene oxide (albumin-GO) and its potential for antithrombotic coating application under flow are investigated. The loading capacities, conformational changes, and adsorptions of albumin and fibrinogen on GO are probed. It is observed that GO possesses a high loading capacity for both proteins and simultaneously, it does not disrupt the overall secondary structure and conformational stability of albumin. Both albumin and fibrinogen adsorb well on the surface of GO. Subsequently, it is demonstrated that the albumin-functionalized GO possesses enhanced antithrombotic effect and may potentially be used as an antithrombotic coating material of blood-contacting devices under dynamic flow.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Surface-induced blood clotting is one of the major problems associated with the long-term use of blood-contacting biomedical devices. Central to this obstructive blood clotting is the adsorption of plasma proteins following the interactions between blood and material surface. Of all proteins circulating in the blood plasma, albumin and fibrinogen are the two important proteins regulating the blood-material interaction. As such, the adsorption of plasma proteins has been used as an indicator for the assessment of the blood compatibility of the biomedical devices. Numerous nanomaterials have been developed for antithrombotic surface coating applications, including the 2D graphene and its derivatives. Here, the antithrombotic property of albumin-functionalized graphene oxide (albumin-GO) and its potential for antithrombotic coating application under flow are investigated. The loading capacities, conformational changes, and adsorptions of albumin and fibrinogen on GO are probed. It is observed that GO possesses a high loading capacity for both proteins and simultaneously, it does not disrupt the overall secondary structure and conformational stability of albumin. Both albumin and fibrinogen adsorb well on the surface of GO. Subsequently, it is demonstrated that the albumin-functionalized GO possesses enhanced antithrombotic effect and may potentially be used as an antithrombotic coating material of blood-contacting devices under dynamic flow. |